ysyx-workbench

NPC 性能评估结果

使用am-kernels中的microbench测试程序进行性能测试。

cd npc
make perf

Result

SoC Frequency: 100 MHz

commit	comment	#Cycle	#Inst	IPC	Freq (MHz)	Power (mW)	Area (um^2)	IFU, %	LSU, %	EXU, %	LD, %	ST, %	ALU, %	BR, %	CSR, %	OTH, %	JAL, %	JALR, %
66b3344	perf	38309563	849339	0.022	466	-	23963	22366563, 58	13394983,35	849339,99	83421,10	67252, 8	448991,53	190050,22	2, 0	59623, 7	-	-
c1f2dc3	l1i:8x4B	26917653	848522	0.032	334	-	24760	11054218, 41	13317869,49	848522,99	83387,10	67219, 8	448589,53	189744,22	2, 0	59581, 7	-	-
dac9e4f	OPtiming	26917653	848522	0.032	532	-	23999	11054218, 41	13317869,49	848522,99	83387,10	67219, 8	448589,53	189744,22	2, 0	59581, 7	-	-
3e0f1ce	i8B,axi1	16970857	854729	0.050	560	-	26811	2057170, 12	12349500,73	854729,99	85701,10	67200, 8	450511,53	191757,22	2, 0	59558, 7	-	-
3e0f1ce	axi-delay	20720045	849533	0.041	560	-	26811	4984694, 24	13186752,64	849533,99	83815,10	67200, 8	448891,53	190067,22	2, 0	59558, 7	-	-
046eea8	l1i:4x8B	21867026	847917	0.039	566	-	22798	6141021, 28	13182254,60	847917,99	83361,10	67194, 8	448273,53	189533,22	2, 0	59554, 7	-	-
2	l1i:4x8B	22646833	848317	0.037	566	-	22798	6211357, 27	13890525,61	848317,99	83377,10	67209, 8	448511,53	189648,22	2, 0	59570, 7	-	-
569dd1c	add wbu3	23519169	848435	0.036	575	-	23553	6236285, 27	13889145,59	848435,99	83377,10	67209, 8	448557,53	189720,22	2, 0	59570, 7	-	-
f7dd997	pipeline	22312119	848260	0.038	545	-	25919	6463036, 29	13946471, 63	848261,100	87185,10	61326, 7	361309,43	255834,30	2, 0	82604,10	-	-
f32a4a1	ppa optim	21974627	848206	0.039	564	-	24034	6464539, 29	13948055, 63	848207,100	87382,10	54971, 6	362596,43	256221,30	2, 0	87034,10	-	-
72541a3	optim4	20575381	849051	0.041	532	-	24946	14333993, 70	13265764, 64	849051, 99	109098,13	57673, 7	274270,32	324499,38	3, 0	83508,10	-	-
92e723a	simple bpu	21763542	849279	0.039	534	-	24671	14928565, 69	13267292, 61	982830,116	108899,13	48331, 6	429884,51	206616,24	3, 0	10791, 1	36009, 4	8746, 1
2ead5f6	fence.i	21760489	849588	0.039	599	-	25014	14926844, 69	13264464, 61	983342,116	108835,13	48359, 6	430306,51	206524,24	3, 0	10783, 1	36035, 4	8743, 1
88a5e66	ppa optim	21741693	849723	0.039	540	-	24889	14910490, 69	13264613, 61	983397,116	108830,13	48363, 6	430678,51	206283,24	3, 0	10788, 1	36043, 4	8735, 1
7be16e9	ppa optim	21825180	849831	0.039	634	-	24347	15000124, 69	13319454, 61	983511,116	83681,10	67215, 8	449141,53	190209,22	3, 0	10109, 1	33894, 4	15579, 2
c3022ee	BPU optim	21479203	847141	0.039	546	5.752e-03	28697	14561299, 68	13489285, 63	6494240,767	83094,10	66976, 8	448263,53	189617,22	3, 0	10052, 1	33614, 4	15522, 2
6603df2	rv32em5	19146031	477722	0.025	89.674	-	68136	12952068, 68	13242864, 69	5591721,1170	72774,15	57985,12	232795,49	62541,13	3, 0	10039, 2	29759, 6	11826, 2
6603df2	rv32im5	19146031	470876	0.024	90.352	-	76891	13150578, 68	13458225, 69	5590714,1187	69816,15	56900,12	230434,49	62199,13	3, 0	9854, 2	29847, 6	11823, 3
4c5d3bc	rv32em6	19235382	477647	0.025	421	7.868e-03	37395	12976526, 67	13243438, 69	5612381,1175	72761,15	57971,12	232762,49	62534,13	3, 0	10039, 2	29754, 6	11823, 2
4c5d3bc	rv32im6	19567694	470947	0.024	421	9.792e-03	45844	13175979, 67	13458303, 69	5591408,1187	69829,15	56912,12	230465,49	62206,13	3, 0	9854, 2	29852, 6	11826, 3
4c5d3bc	rv32i	21314593	846426	0.025	541	7.567e-03	36946	14542641, 68	13288154, 62	6196033,732	83256,10	68505, 8	446226,53	189466,22	3, 0	9820, 1	33628, 4	15522, 2

coremark npc (Marks/IPC)

Extensions	RV32IM	RV32I	RV32EM	RV32E	RV32EM (multi)
RV32IM	935/.199	2.082	0.997	2.078	1.191
RV32I		449/.238	0.479	0.998	0.572
RV32EM			938/.201	2.084	1.195
RV32E				450/.238	0.573
RV32EM (multi)					785/.169

microbench npc (total/scored/IPC)

Extensions	RV32IM	RV32I	RV32EM	RV32E	RV32EM (multi)
RV32IM	743/927/.190	1.246	1.036	1.257	1.062
RV32I		926/1189/.214	0.832	1.009	0.852
RV32EM			770/952/.191	1.213	1.025
RV32E				934/1200/.215	0.845
RV32EM (multi)					789/1002/.182

microbench ysyxsoc (total/scored/IPC)

Extensions	RV32IM	RV32I	RV32EM	RV32E	RV32EM (multi)
RV32IM	6537/9192/.024	1.064	0.997	1.053	1.000
RV32I		6957/10224/.040	0.937	0.990	0.940
RV32EM			6520/9185/.025	1.056	1.003
RV32E				6886/10141/.039	0.950
RV32EM (multi)					6540/9228/.025

PPA result

# commit: 4c5d3bc
# rv32i
| Endpoint           | Clock Group | Delay Type | Path Delay | Path Required | CPPR  | Slack | Freq(MHz) |
| wbu/_242_:D        | core_clock  | max        | 1.806f     | 1.961         | 0.000 | 0.155 | 541.877   |
| wbu/_254_:D        | core_clock  | max        | 1.803f     | 1.961         | 0.000 | 0.158 | 542.969   |
| wbu/_253_:D        | core_clock  | max        | 1.799f     | 1.961         | 0.000 | 0.162 | 543.923   |
Generate the report at 2024-11-24T14:22:15
Report : Averaged Power
 +---------------+----------------+--------------+---------------+-------------+-----------+
| Power Group   | Internal Power | Switch Power | Leakage Power | Total Power | (%)       |
+---------------+----------------+--------------+---------------+-------------+-----------+
| combinational | 2.432e-03      | 0.000e+00    | 7.703e-04     | 3.202e-03   | (42.320%) |
| sequential    | 4.272e-03      | 0.000e+00    | 9.311e-05     | 4.365e-03   | (57.680%) |
+---------------+----------------+--------------+---------------+-------------+-----------+
Net Switch Power   ==    0.000e+00 (0.000%)
Cell Internal Power   ==    6.704e-03 (88.590%)
Cell Leakage Power   ==    8.634e-04 (11.410%)
Total Power   ==  7.567e-03
   Chip area for module '\ysyx': 53.466000
   Chip area for module '\ysyx_bus': 944.300000
   Chip area for module '\ysyx_clint': 978.348000
   Chip area for module '\ysyx_exu$interfaces$idu_pipe_if': 3414.908000
   Chip area for module '\ysyx_exu_alu': 1682.450000
   Chip area for module '\ysyx_exu_csr': 1933.820000
   Chip area for module '\ysyx_idu$interfaces$idu_pipe_if': 1255.520000
   Chip area for module '\ysyx_idu_decoder': 1772.092000
   Chip area for module '\ysyx_ifu': 2550.142000
   Chip area for module '\ysyx_ifu_l1i': 4952.920000
   Chip area for module '\ysyx_lsu': 2197.958000
   Chip area for module '\ysyx_reg': 14876.316000
   Chip area for module '\ysyx_wbu': 333.830000
   Chip area for top module '\ysyx': 36946.070000
# rv32em
| Endpoint           | Clock Group | Delay Type | Path Delay | Path Required | CPPR  | Slack  | Freq(MHz) |
| exu/mul/_09860_:D  | core_clock  | max        | 2.334f     | 1.961         | 0.000 | -0.373 | 421.381   |
| exu/mul/_09761_:D  | core_clock  | max        | 2.328r     | 1.969         | 0.000 | -0.359 | 423.926   |
| exu/mul/_09862_:D  | core_clock  | max        | 2.320r     | 1.969         | 0.000 | -0.351 | 425.277   |
Generate the report at 2024-11-24T14:19:45
Report : Averaged Power
 +---------------+----------------+--------------+---------------+-------------+-----------+
| Power Group   | Internal Power | Switch Power | Leakage Power | Total Power | (%)       |
+---------------+----------------+--------------+---------------+-------------+-----------+
| combinational | 2.667e-03      | 0.000e+00    | 7.641e-04     | 3.431e-03   | (43.605%) |
| sequential    | 4.344e-03      | 0.000e+00    | 9.344e-05     | 4.437e-03   | (56.395%) |
+---------------+----------------+--------------+---------------+-------------+-----------+
Net Switch Power   ==    0.000e+00 (0.000%)
Cell Internal Power   ==    7.011e-03 (89.101%)
Cell Leakage Power   ==    8.575e-04 (10.899%)
Total Power   ==  7.868e-03
   Chip area for module '\ysyx': 53.466000
   Chip area for module '\ysyx_bus': 917.966000
   Chip area for module '\ysyx_clint': 978.348000
   Chip area for module '\ysyx_exu$interfaces$idu_pipe_if': 3514.126000
   Chip area for module '\ysyx_exu_alu': 1702.400000
   Chip area for module '\ysyx_exu_csr': 1911.476000
   Chip area for module '\ysyx_exu_mul': 8679.846000
   Chip area for module '\ysyx_idu$interfaces$idu_pipe_if': 1100.176000
   Chip area for module '\ysyx_idu_decoder': 1772.092000
   Chip area for module '\ysyx_ifu': 2533.916000
   Chip area for module '\ysyx_ifu_l1i': 4952.920000
   Chip area for module '\ysyx_lsu': 2030.644000
   Chip area for module '\ysyx_reg': 6914.670000
   Chip area for module '\ysyx_wbu': 333.830000
   Chip area for top module '\ysyx': 37395.876000
# rv32im
| Endpoint           | Clock Group | Delay Type | Path Delay | Path Required | CPPR  | Slack  | Freq(MHz) |
| exu/mul/_09756_:D  | core_clock  | max        | 2.343r     | 1.969         | 0.000 | -0.374 | 421.252   |
| exu/mul/_09855_:D  | core_clock  | max        | 2.327f     | 1.961         | 0.000 | -0.367 | 422.557   |
| exu/mul/_09857_:D  | core_clock  | max        | 2.335r     | 1.969         | 0.000 | -0.366 | 422.576   |
Generate the report at 2024-11-24T14:20:59
Report : Averaged Power
 +---------------+----------------+--------------+---------------+-------------+-----------+
| Power Group   | Internal Power | Switch Power | Leakage Power | Total Power | (%)       |
+---------------+----------------+--------------+---------------+-------------+-----------+
| combinational | 3.418e-03      | 0.000e+00    | 9.781e-04     | 4.396e-03   | (44.893%) |
| sequential    | 5.282e-03      | 0.000e+00    | 1.140e-04     | 5.396e-03   | (55.107%) |
+---------------+----------------+--------------+---------------+-------------+-----------+
Net Switch Power   ==    0.000e+00 (0.000%)
Cell Internal Power   ==    8.700e-03 (88.847%)
Cell Leakage Power   ==    1.092e-03 (11.153%)
Total Power   ==  9.792e-03
   Chip area for module '\ysyx': 53.466000
   Chip area for module '\ysyx_bus': 946.960000
   Chip area for module '\ysyx_clint': 978.348000
   Chip area for module '\ysyx_exu$interfaces$idu_pipe_if': 3529.820000
   Chip area for module '\ysyx_exu_alu': 1702.400000
   Chip area for module '\ysyx_exu_csr': 1978.242000
   Chip area for module '\ysyx_exu_mul': 8607.760000
   Chip area for module '\ysyx_idu$interfaces$idu_pipe_if': 1255.520000
   Chip area for module '\ysyx_idu_decoder': 1772.092000
   Chip area for module '\ysyx_ifu': 2602.012000
   Chip area for module '\ysyx_ifu_l1i': 4946.536000
   Chip area for module '\ysyx_lsu': 2182.796000
   Chip area for module '\ysyx_reg': 14954.254000
   Chip area for module '\ysyx_wbu': 333.830000
   Chip area for top module '\ysyx': 45844.036000

ysyxsoc simulation result

./build/ysyxSoCFull -b -n -d /Users/yujin/Developer/c-projects/ysyx-workbench/nemu/build/riscv32-nemu-interpreter-so -m /Users/yujin/Developer/c-projects/ysyx-workbench/npc/csrc/mem/mrom-data/build/mrom-data.bin /Users/yujin/Developer/c-projects/ysyx-workbench/am-kernels/benchmarks/microbench/build/microbench-riscv32e-ysyxsoc.bin
npc monitor.cc:74 load_file image: /Users/yujin/Developer/c-projects/ysyx-workbench/am-kernels/benchmarks/microbench/build/microbench-riscv32e-ysyxsoc.bin, size: 22925
npc monitor.cc:105 load_img Load MROM image from /Users/yujin/Developer/c-projects/ysyx-workbench/npc/csrc/mem/mrom-data/build/mrom-data.bin
npc monitor.cc:74 load_file image: /Users/yujin/Developer/c-projects/ysyx-workbench/npc/csrc/mem/mrom-data/build/mrom-data.bin, size: 24
[src/memory/paddr.c:64 init_mem] physical memory area [0x80000000, 0x87ffffff]
2024-12-23 11:49:51.354 ysyxSoCFull[59576:16288533] +[IMKClient subclass]: chose IMKClient_Modern
2024-12-23 11:49:51.354 ysyxSoCFull[59576:16288533] +[IMKInputSession subclass]: chose IMKInputSession_Modern
FSBL: 63160, SSBL: 718841|655681
Init: 747215|28374, mvendorid: 0x79737978, marchid: 23060087
======= Running MicroBench [input *test*] =======
[qsort] Quick sort: * Passed.
[queen] Queen placement: * Passed.
[bf] Brainf**k interpreter: * Passed.
[fib] Fibonacci number: * Passed.
[sieve] Eratosthenes sieve: * Passed.
[15pz] A* 15-puzzle search: * Passed.
[dinic] Dinic's maxflow algorithm: * Passed.
[lzip] Lzip compression: * Passed.
[ssort] Suffix sort: * Passed.
[md5] MD5 digest: * Passed.
==================================================
MicroBench PASS
Scored time: 6313.000 ms
Total  time: 9015.000 ms
npc sdb.cc:76 npc_exu_ebreak EBREAK at pc = a000392c
npc pmu.cc:151 perf ======== Instruction Analysis ========
npc pmu.cc:161 perf #Inst: 477791, cycle: 18938284, IPC: 0.025, 0.023 (main), CLINT: 9469137 (us),  0.050 MIPS
npc pmu.cc:163 perf |      IFU,  % |      LSU,  % |      EXU,  % |
npc pmu.cc:167 perf | 12690375, 67 | 13039537, 69 |  6082718,1273 |
npc pmu.cc:169 perf |     LD, % |     ST, % |    ALU, % |     BR, % | CSR, % |   OTH, % |    JAL,  % |   JALR,  % |
npc pmu.cc:182 perf |  69461,15 |  56518,12 | 232521,49 |  64691,14 |   3, 0 | 10533, 2 |  32239,  7 |  11825,  2 |
npc pmu.cc:183 perf ======== TOP DOWN Analysis ========
npc pmu.cc:185 perf |      IFU,  % |      LSU,  % |      EXU,  % |       LD,  % |       ST,  % |
npc pmu.cc:191 perf | 12690375, 67 | 13039537, 69 |  6082718,1273 |    69461, 15 |    56518, 12 |
npc pmu.cc:195 perf IFU Avg Cycle: 2.0, LSU Avg Cycle: 103.5
npc pmu.cc:198 perf BPU Success: 24327, Fail: 60867, Rate: 28.6%
npc pmu.cc:201 perf ifu_bra_hazard_cycle:   153288,  1%, ifu_lsu_hazard_cycle:  7077426, 37%
npc pmu.cc:203 perf idu_hazard_cycle:     9053,  0% (data hazard)
npc pmu.cc:204 perf ifu_fetch_cnt: 6237083, instr_cnt: 477791
npc pmu.cc:211 perf ======== Cache Analysis ========
npc pmu.cc:214 perf |      HIT, % |     MISS, % |  HIT CYC, % | MISS CYC, % |  HIT Cost AVG | MISS Cost AVG |     AMAT |
npc pmu.cc:226 perf |       -1, 0 |        1,100 |       -1,-0 | 18938284,100 |             0 |       9469142 | 9469142.0 |
npc pmu.cc:239 statistic Simulate time: 24032346 us, 24032 ms, Freq: 0.788 MHz, Inst:  19881 I/s, 0.020 MIPS
npc pmu.cc:244 statistic HIT GOOD TRAP at pc: a0003930, inst: 00100073

ICache Simulator Result using microbench trace

cache_size	line_num	line_size	hit_cost	miss_cost	hit_rate	amat
128	8	16	0	43	0.899069	4.34003
128	4	32	0	59	0.919833	4.72988
128	16	8	0	35	0.848068	5.31762
128	2	64	0	91	0.93627	5.79945
64	4	16	0	43	0.842909	6.75492
64	2	32	0	59	0.878307	7.17989
64	8	8	0	35	0.778308	7.75923
128	32	4	0	31	0.746398	7.86166
32	2	16	0	43	0.785835	9.2091
64	1	64	0	91	0.88555	10.4149
32	4	8	0	35	0.693061	10.7429
64	16	4	0	31	0.6265	11.5785
128	1	128	0	155	0.919852	12.423
32	1	32	0	59	0.75214	14.6237
16	1	16	0	43	0.632886	15.7859
32	8	4	0	31	0.480072	16.1178
16	2	8	0	35	0.489442	17.8695
8	1	8	0	35	0.426871	20.0595
16	4	4	0	31	0.134273	26.8375
8	2	4	0	31	0.0024322	30.9246
4	1	4	0	31	1.18818e-06	31

TODO: 流水线处理器中异常的实现

https://ysyx.oscc.cc/docs/2306/basic/1.10.html#%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6%E5%86%92%E9%99%A9

• 抛出异常时, 需要将mepc设置为发生异常的指令的PC值, 这种特性称为”精确异常”. 如果不满足这一特性, 从异常处理通过mret返回时, 就无法精确返回到之前发生异常的指令处, 从而使得发生异常前后的状态不一致. 这可能会导致系统软件无法利用异常机制实现现代操作系统的某些关键机制, 例如进程切换, 请页调度等. 但在流水线处理器中, IFU的PC会不断变化, 等到某条指令在执行过程中抛出异常时, IFU的PC已经与这条指令不匹配了. 为了获取与该指令匹配的PC, 我们需要在IFU取指时将相应的PC一同传递到下游.
• 指令可能会在推测执行时抛出异常, 但如果推测错误, 那实际上这条指令不应该被执行, 所抛出的异常也不应该被处理. 因此, 在异常处理过程中需要更新处理器状态的操作, 都需要等到确认推测正确后, 才能真正进行, 包括写入mepc, mcause, 跳转到mtvec所指示的位置等.
• mcause的更新取决于异常的类型, 在RISC-V处理器中, 不同的异常号由不同的部件产生. 产生的异常号也需要传递到流水线的下游, 等到确认推测正确后, 才能真正写入mcause.

异常号	异常描述	产生部件
0	Instruction address misaligned	IFU
1	Instruction access fault	IFU
2	Illegal Instruction	IDU
3	Breakpoint	IDU
4	Load address misaligned	LSU
5	Load access fault	LSU
6	Store/AMO address misaligned	LSU
7	Store/AMO access fault	LSU
8	Environment call from U-mode	IDU
9	Environment call from S-mode	IDU
11	Environment call from M-mode	IDU
12	Instruction page fault	IFU
13	Load page fault	LSU
15	Store/AMO page fault	LSU

1. icache line size 修改为 8B，现在 icache size 为 8x8B，L1I Cache 的 SDRAM 部分修改为 arburst，一次传输 8B。 ↩

2. 046eea8e 及之前的版本中，npc 的频率设置为 466 MHz，之后的版本中，npc 的频率设置为 500 MHz。 ↩

3. 从 3 周期 cpu 变为 4 周期 cpu，为之后的流水线设计做准备。 ↩

4. exu forward, fix pmu and axi store load separate ↩

5. using one cycle fast m extension ↩ ↩²

6. change to using multi cycle m extension (booth’s and restoring division) ↩ ↩²